History Of India Part 1

Histories In The World-History Of India Part 1

If we trace the history of India of course very long story. Because India as one of today's world cultural center. And there are so many places of the world cultural heritage that still survive.
Arts of India is also very famous in the world ..

Here's a little story that I write here.

Around 2500 S.M. Already, there are shades of a living human with a fairly high culture in the Indian subcontinent with living in groups in the cities of the Indus land with hubs at Mohenjodaro, Harappa and also in other areas such as in Gujarat and Rajasthan. In terms of historical science, there are not many relics of the materials or the writings of antiquity in India.

Age of onset

About 1500 S.M. came to the Indian subcontinent nations who originally inhabited the areas around the Caspian Sea, which in the history of India known as the Aryans or Indo-Aryan. These Aryans first settled in the Punjab region (Northwest India) which then extends into the area of ​​the Ganges and other areas in India. They bring faith, philosophy and culture to India, which then unite themselves with the culture in India at that time.

Eventually they managed to reach the level of civilization and high culture by finding a language, which became known to the Sanskrit language, which they use in their religious songs called the "Rigveda" to worship the gods and their beliefs.

This era witnessed the birth of the Aryan kingdom-empire in India and this period lasted until the 7th century BC In the 6th century S.M. pernyebuan came to India by the nations of Persia, who because of their culture and higher technique succeeded in occupying the plains of India with the architecture and the way their livelihood. Age of Persia is also called the empire era (Period of Empires) in Indian history, with the establishment of the Magadha empire-empire like that of kings and Ajatasatru Bimbisaura. In the 6th century this is the birth of Gautama Buddha and Mahavira. Age of Persia is also open communication traffic between India and the countries to the west.

In 326 S.M. troops of Alexander the Great invaded India and succeeded in occupying the western Indian Ocean region. Although it does not leave a great political influence, but in fact for quite a long time, mythology and culture in the Northwest part of India is heavily influenced by Greek culture.

The armies of Alexander the Great finally defeated by King Chandra Gupta. Grandson of Chandra Gupta, king Ashoka is very famous in Indian history. King Ashoka is a continuously have experienced the bitterness of war and eventually embraced Buddhism under his administration many of sending missions to the religion and culture of the countries in South Asia, East and Southeast. And in the next 900 years, India experienced the peace era where kingdoms can develop, which in today's times can still be seen the remains in the form of sculpting stone and temples.



Middle Ages

In the 8th century Muslim traders from West Asia to come to India. Influence of religion and Islamic culture extended throughout India and in the 13th century Delhi Sultanate stand that gave birth to an Islamic dynasty in India for several centuries. Establishment of Delhi Sultanate in the 13th century, in the history of India is considered as the beginning of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Mughal Period.

The unification of Islamic and Hindu culture to bring glory to India which is reflected in art, literature, language and architecture. In the 13th century, 14 and 15 are, India witnessed the birth of great poet-poets like Amir Khusrau and great kings who had ruled India with a wise and prudent as Akbar (also referred to as The Greatest Mughal Emperor) and Shahjahan, two people Mughal king who is well known. Until now still clearly visible relics of Islam in India with the presence of mosques and Islamic tombs all over India like Taj Mahal and others.

The decline of Islam in India occurred in 1707 after the death of King Aurangzeb. India divided in small kingdoms and fight against each other, which facilitates the Western nations into India. In the history of India, Bahadur Shah Zafar was regarded as the last ruler of the Mughal dynasty. He had launched a rebellion against the British, but the rebellion may be crushed England in 1857.


Age of Colonization

The first Westerner to set foot in India was Vasco de Gama in May 1498 in Kalikut, but he did not manage to settle there. Then repeat the effort in 1501 and succeeded in establishing the domicile for the Portuguese in Kannanore, Kochin and Kalikut. Other western nations such as Spain, Holland and England in a row came to India with a view that is quite famous in the history of Western nations in Asia. With the state is divided among the nations of India itself, the Western people managed to occupy important places on the coast of southern India which is then dilated and a step that the British finally won power in the Indian subcontinent.

British rule in India begins with the establishment of Classic East India Company in 1600 which was originally more trade, and then coupled with a mastery of the physical and political, which culminated in the battle of Buxar in 1756 against the kings of India. British victory in the battle that made England managed to control the regions of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa which was then within a period of less than half a century was followed also by the mastery of other areas in India.

In 1824 the British Government took control of the Classic East India Company from India and thus implicitly puts power over this country. Nevertheless, England still allow the establishment of small kingdoms headed by princes. England also placed a Governor-General of India as Deputy Crown and its Government. Indian historians regard the British colonial era as a process of modernization that is beneficial to the unification of the whole of India was politically and administratively, and enactment of legal provisions to regulate people's lives. Similarly, before the 19th century laid the fundamentals of industrial development and improved educational institutions in India. .

The independence movement Indian nationality and feelings begin to emerge in the mid-19th century to the outbreak of an uprising led by the kings of India in 1857, but successfully suppressed by the British. The independence movement has reached a more tangible form with the establishment of Indian National Congress in 1885 which in 1905 demanded diadakannnya "Swaraj" (self-rule): from-the-to the nation of India.

Then in 1906 also founded the Indian Muslim League to unite and ensure the interests of Muslims in India. From this fact the beginning of the birth of the Pakistani state.

So for about a half centuries, India kemeredekaan movement demanding complete independence for India. Renowned leaders in this movement, among others, is Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru and Mohd. Ali Jinnah. In 1935, Britain announced that "The Government of India Act," which is the Constitution for election of representative councils in the states. Many positions in the councils won by the National Congress and Muslim League.

And in 1940, for the first time, the Muslim League demanded a special state for Muslims.

Toward the end of World War II, the more urgent demands for independence to the British Government which produces the formation of a Constituent Assembly, but the Muslim League is not willing to participate in the Constituent Assembly and continue to demand the establishment of a separate state for the Muslim population of India. Muslim demands were finally met by the British with the formation of the Pakistani state. On August 15, 1947, the British granted independence to India and Pakistan.


Period of Independence

Having successfully overcome two major problems at the beginning of its independence, the population movements on a large scale due to the disintegration of this former British colony into India and Pakistan as well as problems integrating kl 600 small kingdoms ruled by princes into the Unitary State of India, India began to formulate the framework of his state of life in the form of a Constitution which came into force on January 26, 1950. Since this date is also India officially became the Republic of India with the President as Head of the Country and the Prime Minister as head of Government.

India is one of the goals to achieve economic independence afforded by economic and social development plans through various Repelita which commenced in April 1951. In a period of more than 30 years India has managed to build heavy industries and educate technology workers that are the foundation for the development of industry-industry further (such as automobiles, airplanes, tanks and weaponry, machinery and generator-genarator weight, trains and so on). Also in recent years India has also successfully self sufficient food for materials.

Besides these achievements, India still faces many challenges in national integration, such as business application of Hindi as national language, contradiction communal (Hindu-Muslim) and even inter-caste conflict which has not yet completed.

Since independence, India a few times of armed conflict with neighboring countries, namely, among others, with the PRC in 1962 regarding the matter of the border with Pakistan in 1971 and ended with a change in the status of East Pakistan became Bangladesh.


This little bar I peeled today ..
Later I will proceed to section 2 and then for you.

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